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History of Programming

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In 1822, Charles Babbage, a student at the University of Cambridge in England, developed a machine to manage data for easy use, the machine was named ‘Difference Engine’
Difference Engine
After working for 10 years on his machine, Charles Babbage realized that the machine he created was a single-purpose machine, meaning it could only produce one type of output.
He then developed another multi-purpose machine.
This machine was named ‘Analytical Engine’.
He worked on making this ‘Analytical Engine’ until 1842.
Analytical Enggine
In 1847, Charles Babbage refined the ‘Difference Engine’ again until in 1849 he succeeded in making the second version.
The work of perfecting the results of his work continued, even continued by his son, Henry Prevost.
Charles Babbage himself died in 1871.
To protect his father’s works, Henry Prevost made several copies of simple arithmetic calculation units from the machines his father produced and sent them to several institutions in the world, including Harvard University.
The development of computing continued in 1854, when a man named Charles Boole managed to create a symbolic logic system called Boole Logic.
This system includes logic to express the relationship between greater, lesser, equal and not equal to.
This system of logic is still in use today.
In 1890, the United States wanted to conduct a population census.
But the obstacle that arose was the limited tools available at that time, considering the population that was increasing every year, so a computing competition was held to find a solution.
This competition was won by Herman Hollerith, who eventually founded a company Hollerith Tabulating, Co. which eventually changed its name to CTR (Calculating Tabulating Recording Company) after 3 other companies joined.
Ten years later the company changed its name again to IBM (International Business Machine) until today.
Furthermore, the development of digital computing began slowly and was rarely used in the business world until the mid-1920s.
Until 1925, MIT (Massachusette Institute of Technology) developed a machine capable of analyzing differentiation and integration calculations.
This machine, funded by the Rockefeller Foundation, was arguably the largest computer in the world in 1930.
In 1935, a German scientist named Konrad Zuse developed the Z-1 computer, this computer was the beginning of the application of the binary system in its performance.
In addition, Zuse also contributed to digital computer computing when he created the first computer programming language ‘Plankalkul’.
In 1945, there was also an important event in the history of the development of digital computer computing, namely when there was damage to the Mark II machine at Harvard University.
Someone named Grace Murray Hopper who knew this immediately investigated the cause of the damage.
Eventually she found a moth trapped in the machine.
In her diary, Hopper wrote: “First actual case of bug being found”.
He referred to this moth as a bug, henceforth the word ‘bug’ is often used to indicate an irregularity in the program.
From this word ‘bug’ also came the term ‘debugging’ which means the process of correcting program errors.
In 1954, IBM began developing the FORTRAN (FORmula TRANslator) programming language.
FORTRAN was the first high-level programming language to be commercialized.
High-level programming means that the command or code is easy to read and understand by humans.
In 1958, FORTRAN II and ALGOL were published along with the launch of LISP.
Meanwhile, in 1959, the COBOL programming language was also launched.
Since then the development of programming languages has grown very fast.
In 1970, the PASCAL language was published and is still widely used for educational purposes.
In addition, two programming languages that are considered very important are SMALLTALK and B-Languange.
SMALLTALK is important because it is the first object-based programming language.
While B-Languange is said to be important because it is the forerunner of the emergence of the C language. With the C language, programming will be easier, efficient, and flexible.
In 1975, Dr. Wong released his programming language called TinyBASIC.
TinyBASIC is the first programming language that is free or does not pay for its use.
In the same year, Bill Gates and Paul Allen also created a programming language called BASIC.
They then sold this BASIC to MIT.
Pic: http://astronaut11.blogspot.co.id/
Ref: http://ndoware.com/

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